| 題名： | 八月十五夜贈張功曹 |
| 作者： | 韓愈 |
| 纖雲四卷天無河， 清風吹空月舒波。 沙平水息聲影絕， 一桮相屬君當歌。 君歌聲酸辭且苦， 不能聽終淚如雨。 洞庭連天九疑高， 蛟龍出沒猩鼯號。 十生九死到官所， 幽居默默如藏逃。 下牀畏蛇食畏藥， 海氣濕蟄熏腥臊。 昨者州前搥大鼓， 嗣皇繼聖登夔臯。 赦書一日行萬里， 罪從大辟皆除死。 遷者追廻流者還， 滌瑕蕩垢清朝班。 州家申名使家抑， 坎軻祗得移荆蠻。 判司卑官不堪說， 未免捶楚塵埃間。 同時輩流多上道， 天路幽險難追攀。 君歌且休聽我歌， 我歌今與君殊科。 一年明月今宵多， 人生由命非由他。 有酒不飲奈明何。 | |
| 英譯： |
DELICATE clouds roll up and disappear
The sky is so bright that you cannot see the Milky Way;
A pure wind blows through the empty heavens,
The rays of the moon are scattered o'er the waves;
Murmur and shadow fade away on quiet sands and still waters.
One cup of wine we will drink together
Then you shall sing a song;
The lilt of your song is melancholy and the phrases full of bitter thoughts,
One cannot listen to the end before the tears fall like rain.
The Tung-t'ing (lake) stretches away to the sky,
The Chiu-i mountain is high;
Crocodiles and dragons come and go, apes and vampires cry,
Nine out of ten die before reaching this official post.
In squalid dark houses we hide ourselves,
When we left our beds we were frightened of snakes,
When we eat we were frightened of poison;
The summer air from the sea was damp and pestiferous,
The smells rank and rancid.
But there came a day when before the yamen they beat the big drum;
A new emperor had succeeded to the sacred line
And had elevated loyal servants.
An amnesty travels a thousand miles in a single day;
Those under sentence of death need not die,
The exiled ones were recalled,
The banished could return home.
All stains and impurities were to be things of the past
The new emperor opens a bright new page,
Our senior officials suggest our names, his seniors suppress them;
Frustrated, what is left for us but to move to yet more barbaric surroundings?
Our present post is small and not to be spoken of,
How can we avoid being trampled and buffeted as we lie in the dust?
Most of our contemporaries follow the road back to official success,
But that road is dark and dangerous and hard to attain.
Your song—come stop it,
Listen to my song.
My sentiments are very different from yours,
Of all the full moons in the year to-night's is the brightest.
Man from birth is governed by fate, and nothing else,
If you have wine and do not drink it
Will to-morrow be any the better?
The fine clouds have opened and the River of Stars is gone, A clear wind blows across the sky, and the moon widens its wave, The sand is smooth, the water still, no sound and no shadow, As I offer you a cup of wine, asking you to sing. But so sad is this song of yours and so bitter your voice That before I finish listening my tears have become a rain: "Where Lake Tung-t'ing is joined to the sky by the lofty Nine-Doubt Mountain, Dragons, crocodiles, rise and sink, apes, flying foxes, whimper.... At a ten to one risk of death, I have reached my official post, Where lonely I live and hushed, as though I were in hiding. I leave my bed, afraid of snakes; I eat, fearing poisons; The air of the lake is putrid, breathing its evil odours.... Yesterday, by the district office, the great drum was announcing The crowning of an emperor, a change in the realm. The edict granting pardons runs three hundred miles a day, All those who were to die have had their sentences commuted, The unseated are promoted and exiles are recalled, Corruptions are abolished, clean officers appointed. My superior sent my name in. but the governor would not listen And has only transferred me to this barbaric place. My rank is very low and useless to refer to; They might punish me with lashes in the dust of the street. Most of my fellow exiles are now returning home— A journey which, to me, is a heaven beyond climbing." ... Stop your song, I beg you, and listen to mine, A song that is utterly different from yours: "Tonight is the loveliest moon of the year. All else is with fate, not ours to control; But, refusing this wine, may we choose more tomorrow?" What thin clouds there are, roll off the heavens, Still leaving the Milky Way out of sight. A cool breeze sweeps the wide open country. The moon seems to send forth ripples of light. The sand – unruffled; the waters are calm. No shadow about; not even a hum. As each lifts his cup, about to imbibe, For sure, out of your lips, a song would come. A note of sourness pervades the whole song: Bitter words, and much more in the same strain. I have hardly heard the final stanza, Before my tears well up and fall like rain. "In hue with the sky, Lake Dongting is one. Jiuyi Mountain in Hunan – Very high. Dragons appear – disappear – as they please. Gorillas – flying squirrels – make their cry. Every time on my way to the yamen, I'm risking my life and limb, as in war. In seclusion, I seldom venture out, Like a hiding fugitive from the law. Off one's bed, one fears all manner of snakes. One's food may be poisoned; hard to tell. From underground comes a composite gas, With a musty, urinous, fetid smell. Yesterday, at the county government, Heavy drums heralded the first report: Xian Zong on his accession to the throne – Would employ fully the talented sort. The royal edict for an amnesty – Was carried at speeds one could not believe. All punishments were to be commuted; For the death sentence, there would be reprieve. The demoted would be re-instated. Back to their homes, the banished would be brought. There'd be a clean-up of the government; There'd be a purge of personnel at Court. My application was duly sent in, But my superior withheld his hand. Hence, much against my wishes, I was sent ㅡ As arranged, to Hunan, the savage land. Indeed, 'tis a minor – menial – post. Better not speak of it, unless one must. For mistakes made or errors committed – One can be flogged and humbled to the dust. Meanwhile, over our heads are promoted – The rank and file who have just served their time. The road to Heaven is out of the way; Too beset with dangers for us to climb." 0 Here is my tune as response to your song. Be different from yours in tone, it cannot. Of all nights, the moon tonight – the brightest. Why not drink, since predestined is one's lot. |
| 日譯： | 暫無日譯內容 |