題名: | 佳人 |
作者: | 杜甫 |
絕代有佳人,幽居在空谷。自云良家子,零落依草木。關中昔喪敗,兄弟遭殺戮。官高何足論,不得收骨肉。世情惡衰歇,萬事隨轉燭。夫壻輕薄兒,新人已如玉。合昏尚知時,鴛鴦不獨宿。但見新人笑,那聞舊人哭。在山泉水清,出山泉水濁。侍婢賣珠回,牽蘿補茅屋。摘花不插髮,采柏動盈匊。天寒翠袖薄,日暮倚修竹。 | |
英譯: |
Lovely lady, fairest of the time,
hiding away in an empty valley;
daughter of a good house, she said,
fallen now among grasses of the wood.
"There was tumult and death within the passes then;
my brothers, $(old and young)$, were killed.
office, position - what help were they?
I couldn't even gather up my brothers' bones!
The world despises you when your luck is down;
all I had went with the turn of the flame.
My husband was a fickle fellow,
his new girl as fair as jade.
Blossoms that close at dusk keep faith with the hour,
mandarin ducks will not rest apart;
but he could only see the new one laughing,
never hear the former one's tears -"
Within the mountain the stream runs clear;
out of the mountain it turns to mud.
Her maid returns from selling a pearl,
braids vines to mend their roof of thatch.
The lady picks a flower but does not put it in her hair,
gather juniper berries, sometimes a handful.
When the sky is cold, in thin azure sleeves,
at dusk she stands leaning by the $(tall)$ bamboo.
Lovely lady, fairest of the time, hiding away in an empty valley; daughter of a good house, she said, fallen now among grasses of the wood. "There was tumult and death within the passes then; my brothers, $(old and young)$, were killed. office, position—what help were they? I couldn't even gather up my brothers' bones! The world despises you when your luck is down; all I had went with the turn of the flame. My husband was a fickle fellow, his new girl as fair as jade. Blossoms that close at dusk keep faith with the hour, mandarin ducks will not rest apart; but he could only see the new one laughing, never hear the former one's tears—" Within the mountain the stream runs clear; out of the mountain it turns to mud. Her maid returns from selling a pearl, braids vines to mend their roof of thatch. The lady picks a flower but does not put it in her hair, gather juniper berries, sometimes a handful. When the sky is cold, in thin azure sleeves, at dusk she stands leaning by the $(tall)$ bamboo. I, WHO was the flower of my day among the beauties, Now dwell alone in a deserted valley; I, who was well born, Live desolate in a country retreat. In past times there was ruin and turmoil in the frontier passes; My brothers met with destruction; What availed such high officials their lofty rank When they could not protect their own flesh and blood? It is the way of the world to turn in loathing from adversity and decay. The affairs of men flicker like a guttering candle. My husband holds me in light esteem, But his new mistress seems as beautiful as jade. Even the morning glory has its passing hour. The Mandarin duck and drake do not roost apart, But wrapt in his new favourite's smiles How can he hear his old love's sighs? In the hills the spring water runs clear, But on leaving the hills it becomes muddy. My servant girl sells my pearls and returns To pull the creepers to patch my thatched roof. Her mistress plucks flowers, but not to stick in her hair; The cypress needles slide through her listless fingers. The weather is cold and my kingfisher-blue sleeves are thin; As day draws to dusk I lean against the tall bamboos (thinking of other days). Who is lovelier than she? Yet she lives alone in an empty valley. She tells me she came from a good family Which is humbled now into the dust. ... When trouble arose in the Kuan district, Her brothers and close kin were killed. What use were their high offices, Not even shielding their own lives?— The world has but scorn for adversity; Hope goes out, like the light of a candle. Her husband, with a vagrant heart, Seeks a new face like a new piece of jade; And when morning-glories furl at night And mandarin-ducks lie side by side, All he can see is the smile of the new love, While the old love weeps unheard. The brook was pure in its mountain source, But away from the mountain its waters darken. ... Waiting for her maid to come from selling pearls For straw to cover the roof again, She picks a few flowers, no longer for her hair, And lets pine-needles fall through her fingers, And, forgetting her thin silk sleeve and the cold, She leans in the sunset by a tall bamboo. Cut off from all—my beauty only left— My gloomy dwelling is a hollow vale. I sighing say, "Mid Trees and grass, ah me! What can my parents goodly name avail?" "Within the Wall old days are swept away. My brothers' lofty rank could nought prevail. For they are slain: our scattered flesh and bone Unburied lies—All left me to bewail!" "The fate of Man a candle's flickering light. And my betrothed—alas! the wanton boy— Has made a lovelier face his heart's delight. "Its time of flowering the Hibiscus knows. The Birds of Love dispart not in the Night. But when He sees his new bride's happy smile The old love's sobbing is forgotten quite. "Upon the Hill's pure breast the Spring is clear; But turbid when the Hill it leaves behind! My mind, returned with food my pearls have bought, To patch our humble roof has creepers twined. "The flowers I pluck I place not in my hair.— The cypress leaves my idle fingers bind. To this chill air my green silk sleeves are thin: Mid bamboos tall my fading Day declined!" ONCE fairer than the fairest dame, I live concealed in mountain dell. I call myself scion of a virtuous house, Though shrubs and trees are now my sole support. Trouble came upon us lately within the walls; My brothers were put to death. What matter that their rank was high? We could not recover their dead bodies. The age has no charms for me: All things are like the puffing-out of a candle; My husband a frivolous libertine, His new wife as fair as jade. The acacia knows the hour to close, The turtle-dove will not live alone; He only sees the new wife smile, He hears not the old wife weep. Water on the hill is clear, Water from the hill is thick; My maids go to sell my pearls, And with a wisp they mend the patched roof. I pluck flowers I do not wear; Fir-cones I gather in handfuls; My broidered sleeve is thin for cold winds As day and eve I lean against the tall bamboo. I, WHO was the flower of my day among the beauties, Now dwell alone in a deserted valley; I, who was well born, Live desolate in a country retreat. In past times there was ruin and turmoil in the frontier passes; My brothers met with destruction; What availed such high officials their lofty rank When they could not protect their own flesh and blood? It is the way of the world to turn in loathing from adversity and decay. The affairs of men flicker like a guttering candle. My husband holds me in light esteem, But his new mistress seems as beautiful as jade. Even the morning glory has its passing hour. The Mandarin duck and drake do not roost apart, But wrapt in his new favourite’s smiles How can he hear his old love’s sighs? In the hills the spring water runs clear, But on leaving the hills it becomes muddy. My servant girl sells my pearls and returns To pull the creepers to patch my thatched roof. Her mistress plucks flowers, but not to stick in her hair; The cypress needles slide through her listless fingers. The weather is cold and my kingfisher-blue sleeves are thin; As day draws to dusk I lean against the tall bamboos (thinking of other days). There is a surpassing beauty Who lives in a solitary valley. She says she comes from a good family, And now declines into the wild country. "When riot broke out in the Capital City, My brothers were killed in the mutiny. High officials they were, but not worthy, Their bones should not lie in peace under the clay. The world always shrinks from vile destiny; A vacuum is left to me like a candle burning dimly. My husband is a light hearted bonny, He then married another fair lady. When night falls, the mimosa feels sleepy, And mandarin-ducks ne'er live separately. He sees but his new bride's smile so merry; What would he care for me weeping days away? The spring water is limpid in the valley; When it flows out of the dale it becomes filthy. I've sent my maid to sell pearls for money, When she's back, we'll mend our hut with ivy. I pluck flowers, not on my hair to display; A handful of cypresses is often my toy. In the cold air my thin green sleeves are wavy; In the sunset I lean on the bamboo wearily!" There is a surpassing beauty Who lives in a solitary valley. She says she comes from a good family, And now declines into the wild country. "When riot broke out the Capital City, My brothers were killed in the mutiny. High officials they were, but not worthy, In fact, e'en to lie in peace under the clay. The world always shrinks from vile destiny; A vacuum is left to me like a candle burning dimly. My husband is a light-minded bonny, He then married another fair lady. When night falls, the mimosa feels sleepy, And mandarin-ducks, ne'er live separately. He sees but his new bride's smile so merry; How could he care for me weeping days away? The spring water is limpid in the valley; When it flows out of the date it becomes filthy. I've sent my maid to sell pearls for money, When she's back, we'll mend our hut with ivy. I pluck flowers, but not on my hair display; A handful of cypresses is often my toy. In the cold air my thin green sleeves are wavy; In the sunset I lean on the bamboo wearily!" |
日譯: |
世にすぐれて並ぶもののない美人がいて、住む人まれな谷間に世を避けて住んでいた。その人自らが語るには、「もとは良家の娘でありましたが、今は落ちぶれて草木の深いこの地に身を寄せています。関中の地方に、昔戦乱が起こって、兄弟たちも殺されてしまいました。そうなってしまっては官位の高いことなど、どうしてあれこれいうに足りましょうかもはや、何の役にも立ちません。自分の肉親であるわたしを救うことさえできなかいのです。世間の人情というものは、家運が傾き、財産を失った者を嫌うもので、あらゆる事につけて、風にゆらめく灯のようにうつろいやまぬ身の上となりました。
わたしの夫は、薄情な浮気者で、新たに玉のように美しい女性を迎え入れました。ねむの木ですら、夜が来たのをわきまえ知って二枚の葉を合わせ、おしどりも独りでは寝ないものです。それなのに、わたしの夫はただ新しい妻の笑顔ばかりを見て、どうしてもとの妻であるわたしの泣き嘆くことを聞こうとしましょうか決して聞こうとはしません。」と。
山中にあれば水は澄んでいるが、山中を出れば水も濁ってしまう。それと同じように、この山中にいてこそ清らかさを保つことができるというものを下女は真珠を売り歩き、かやぶき屋根は、ふじかずらを引きたぐって補修しているありさま。花をつんでも世に出る心を持たないので髪に挿して飾ろうともしないし、節操の固いたとえに用いられる柏の実を、ともすれば、両手にいっぽいになるまで採り集めてもみる。また寒空のもとで、みどりの袖のその衣服は薄くとも、夕暮れに同じく操志の固いことにたとえられる長い竹に身を寄せて立
ちつくすのである。
絶代(ぜつだい)佳人(かじん)あり、幽居(ゆうきょ) 空谷(くうこく)に在(あ)り 自(みずか)ら云(い)う良家(りょうか)の子(こ)、零落(れいらく)して 草木(そうもく)に依(よ)る 関中(かんちゅう)昔(むかし) 喪乱(そうらん)ありて、兄弟(きょうだい)殺戮(さつりく)に遭(あ)う 官高(かんたか)き 何(なん)ぞ論(ろん)ずるに足(た)らん、骨肉(こつにく)をすら収(おさ)むるを得(え)ず 世情(せじょう) 衰歇(すいけつ)を悪(にく)み、万事(ばんじ) 転燭(てんしょく)に随(したが)う 夫婿(ふせい)は 軽薄(けいはく)の児(じ)、新人(しんじん)は 美(び)なること玉(たま)のごとし 合昏(ごうこん)すら 尚(な)お時(とき)を知(し)り、鴛鴦(えんおう)も 独(ひと)り宿(やど)ず 但(た)だ新人(しんじん)の笑(わら)うを見(み)るのみ、那(なん)ぞ旧人(きゅうじん)の哭(こく)するを聞(き)かんやと 山(やま)に在(あ)りては 泉水(せんすい)清(きよ)く、山(やま)を出(い)でては 泉水(せんすい)濁(にご)る 侍婢(じひ) 珠(たま)を売(う)りて廻(めぐ)り、蘿(ら)を牽(ひ)きて 茅屋(ぼうおく)を補(おぎな)う 花(はな)を摘(つ)むも 髪(かみ)に插(さ)まず、柏(はく)を采(と)りて 動(やや)もすれば掬(きく)に盈(み)つ 天寒(てんさむ)くして 翠袖(すいしゅう)薄(はく)す、日暮(にちぼ)修竹(しゅうちく)に倚(よ)る 絶代 佳人、幽居 空谷に在り 自ら云う良家の子、零落して 草木に依る 関中昔 喪乱ありて、兄弟殺戮に遭う 官高き 何ぞ論ずるに足らん、骨肉をすら収むるを得ず 世情 衰歇を悪み、万事 転燭に随う 夫婿は 軽薄の児、新人は 美なること玉のごとし 合昏すら 尚お時を知り、鴛鴦も 独り宿ず 但だ新人の笑うを見るのみ、那ぞ旧人の哭するを聞かんやと 山に在りては 泉水清く、山を出でては 泉水濁る 侍婢 珠を売りて廻り、蘿を牽きて 茅屋を補う 花を摘むも 髪に插まず、柏を采りて 動もすれば掬に盈つ 天寒くして 翠袖薄す、日暮修竹に倚る 世(よ)に稀(まれ)な美(うつく)しい人(ひと)が 人(ひと)無(な)き谷(たに)にかくれ住(す)む 「私(わたし)はもと良家(りょうけ)のむすめ いまおちぶれて草深(くさぶか)いこの山(やま)の中(なか) 昔(むかし) 都(みやこ)の戦乱(せんらん)に 兄弟(けいてい)は殺(ころ)されてしまい 位(い)高(たか)くても役(やく)には立(た)たず 身内(みうち)を助(たす)けてもくれなかった 家(いえ)が衰(おとろ)えると世間(せけん)はつれなく なにごとも風(かぜ)にゆれる燭火(しょっか)のよう 夫(おっと)はもとより浮気(うわき)もの 美(うつく)しい女(おんな)をかさねて娶(めと)った 合歓(ごうかん)の木(き)も夜(よる)は合(あ)い 鴛鴦(おしどり)も独(ひと)り寝(ね)はせぬものを 新(あたら)しい妻(つま)の笑顔(えがお)をばかり喜(よろこ)んで 旧(ふる)い妻(つま)の哭(な)いているのに耳(みみ)もかさぬ 山(やま)にあれば泉(いずみ)は清(きよ)らく 山(やま)を出(で)れば泉(いずみ)は濁(にご)る 侍女(まかち)に珠(たま)を市(いち)で売(う)らせ 絶(ぜつ)で屋根(やね)の破(やぶ)れを補(おぎな)うて 花(はな)を摘(つ)んでも髪(かみ)にかざさず 柏(はく)の実(じつ)拾(ひろ)って手(て)に満(み)ちる 冬空(ゆうぞら)さむく衣袖(きもの)は薄(うす)く 日暮(ひく)れはひとり長(なが)い竹(たけ)に倚(よ)ってもの思(おも)う」 世に稀な美しい人が 人無き谷にかくれ住む 「私はもと良家のむすめ いまおちぶれて草深いこの山の中 昔 都の戦乱に 兄弟は殺されてしまい 位高くても役には立たず 身内を助けてもくれなかった 家が衰えると世間はつれなく なにごとも風にゆれる燭火のよう 夫はもとより浮気もの 美しい女をかさねて娶った 合歓の木も夜は合い 鴛鴦も独り寝はせぬものを 新しい妻の笑顔をばかり喜んで 旧い妻の哭いているのに耳もかさぬ 山にあれば泉は清らく 山を出れば泉は濁る 侍女に珠を市で売らせ 絶で屋根の破れを補うて 花を摘んでも髪にかざさず 柏の実拾って手に満ちる 冬空さむく衣袖は薄く 日暮れはひとり長い竹に倚ってもの思う」 絶代(ぜつだい)佳人(かじん)有(あ)り 幽居(ゆうきよ) 空谷(くうこく)に在(あ)り 自(みずか)ら云(い)う 良家(りょうけ)の子(こ) 零落(れいらく)して 草木(そうもく)に依(よ)る 関中(かんちゅう) 昔(むかし) 喪乱(そうらん)せしとき 兄弟(けいてい) 殺戮(さつりく)に遭(あ)う 官(かん)の高(たか)きも何(なに)ぞ論(ろん)ずるに足(た)らむ 骨肉(こつにく)を収(おさ)むるを得(え)ず 世情(せじょう) 衰歇(すいけつ)を悪(にく)む 万事(ばんじ) 転燭(てんしょく)に随(したが)う 夫婿(ふせい)は 軽児(けいはくじ) 新人(しんじん) 美玉(びぎょく)の如(ごと)し 合昏(ごうこん) 尚時(なおとき)を知(し)り 鴛鴦(えんおう)独(ひと)り宿(やど)らず 但(ただ) 新人(しんじん)の笑(わら)うを見(み)る 那(なん)ぞ 旧人(きゅうじん)の哭(こく)するを聞(き)かむ 山(やま)に在(あ)れば 泉水(せんすい)清(きよ)く 山(やま)を出(い)ずれば 泉水(せんすい)濁(にご)る 侍婢(じひ) 珠(たま)を売(う)りて廻(かえ)り 蘿(ら)を牽(ひ)いて 茅屋(ぼうおく)を補(おぎな)う 花(はな)を摘(つ)んで 髪(かみ)に插(さ)さず 柏(はく)を采(と)りて 動(やや)もすれば掬(きく)に盈(み)つ 天寒(てんかん)くして 翠袖(すいしゅう)薄(うす)く 日暮(ひく)れて 修竹(しゅうちく)に倚(よ)る 絶代 佳人有り 幽居 空谷に在り 自ら云う 良家の子 零落して 草木に依る 関中 昔 喪乱せしとき 兄弟 殺戮に遭う 官の高きも何ぞ論ずるに足らむ 骨肉を収むるを得ず 世情 衰歇を悪む 万事 転燭に随う 夫婿は 軽児 新人 美玉の如し 絶世の美人がいる。 人気のない谷間にひっそり住んでいる。 自分から語るには、「わたくしは良家の子女でございましたが、 今はたよる人もなく、秋には枯れる草木だけがたより。 都はこのまえ乱れに乱れ、 兄弟はみな殺されてしまいました。 高い官職もなんの値打ちがございましょう。 わたくしの兄弟の骨も収容できないのです。 世間の情はおちぶれた者に冷淡で、 わが身は万事、風に吹かれる燭のごとく成り行きまかせ。 そのうえ、夫はといえば浮気者、 玉のように美しい新妻をお迎えになった。 ねむの木でさえ時刻をたがえずその葉を閉ざし、 おしどりも必らず夫婦いっしょに夜を過ごすものを。 あの人は新しい奥様の笑顔をご覧になるだけで、 もとの妻わたくしの哭き声などお聞きにはならぬ。 泉の水は山中にあってこそ清いもの、 山を出たなら濁ってしまいます。 わたくしの生活ときたら、女中に真珠を売ってこさせ、 つたを引いてきて茅茸き屋根をつくろう有様。 花を摘んでも髪に挿す気はおこらず、 ともすると両手いっぱい苦い柏を採ってきます」と。 この寒い時節に美人の服は緑の袖のうすものだけ、 日暮れ、高く伸びた竹によりそっている。 絶代(ぜつだい) 佳人(かじん)あり 幽居(ゆうきょ) 空谷(くうこく)に在(あ)り 自(みずか)ら云(い)う良家(りょうか)の子(こ) 零落(れいらく)して草木(そうもく)に依(よ)る 関中(かんちゅう) 昔(むかし) 喪乱(そうらん) 兄弟(きょうだい)は殺戮(さつりく)に遭(あ)う 官(かん)の高(たか)きは何(な)んぞ論(ろん)ずるに足(た)らん 骨肉(こつにく)をすら収(おさ)むるを得(え)ず 世情(せじょう) 衰歇(すいけつ)を悪(にく)み 万事(ばんじ) 転燭(てんしょく)に随(したが)う 夫婿(ふせい)は軽薄(けいはく)の児(じ) 新人(しんじん)は美(うつく)しきこと玉(たま)の如(ごと)し 合昏(ごうこん)すら尚(な)お時(とき)を知(し)り 鴛鴦(えんおう)は独宿(どくしゅく)せず 但(た)だ見(み)る 新人(しんじん)の笑(わら)うを那(な)んぞ聞(き)かん 旧人(きゅうじん)の哭(こく)するを 山(やま)に在(あ)りては泉水(せんすい)清(きよ)く 山(やま)を出(い)でては泉水(せんすい)濁(にご)る 侍婢(じひ)は珠(たま)を売(う)りて廻(かえ)り 蘿(ら)を牽(ひ)きて茅屋(ぼうおく)を補(おぎな)う 花(はな)を摘(つ)みては髪(かみ)に插(さ)まず 柏(はく)を採(と)りては動(やや)もすれば掬(きく)に盈(み)つ 天寒(てんさむ)くして翠袖(すいしゅう)薄(うす)く 日暮(にちぼ) 修竹(しゅうちく)に倚(よ)る 絶代 佳人あり 幽居 空谷に在り 自ら云う良家の子 零落して草木に依る 関中 昔 喪乱 兄弟は殺戮に遭う 官の高きは何んぞ論ずるに足らん 骨肉をすら収むるを得ず 世情 衰歇を悪み 万事 転燭に随う 夫婿は軽薄の児 新人は美しきこと玉の如し 合昏すら尚お時を知り 鴛鴦は独宿せず 但だ見る 新人の笑うを那んぞ聞かん 旧人の哭するを 山に在りては泉水清く 山を出でては泉水濁る 侍婢は珠を売りて廻り 蘿を牽きて茅屋を補う 花を摘みては髪に插まず 柏を採りては動もすれば掬に盈つ 天寒くして翠袖薄く 日暮 修竹に倚る |