| 題名： | 石壕吏 |
| 作者： | 杜甫 |
| 暮投石壕邨，有吏夜捉人。老翁踰牆走，老婦出門看。吏呼一何怒，婦啼一何苦。聽婦前致詞，三男鄴城戍。一男附書致，二男新戰死。存者且偷生，死者長已矣。室中更無人，惟有乳下孫。有孫母未去，出入無完帬。老嫗力雖衰，請從吏夜歸。急應河陽役，猶得備晨炊。夜久語聲絕，如聞泣幽咽。天明登前途，獨與老翁別。 | |
| 英譯： |
When the sun set, I came to the village of Shi-kao,
At night the recruiting officer came to round up the men.
An old man took fright and escaped over a wall.
The old woman went forward and asked to be arrested—
How terribly the officer howled at her!
Then I heard the old woman saying through tears:
"My three sons have joined the camp at Yeh,
One of them sent me a letter saying:
'Two of my brothers have died in the wars,
And the living one thinks he has not much longer to live'.
O, the dead, they go on their journey.
There are no more children in this house,
Except a grandson who is still suckling.
Even his mother cannot go with you—
She has not a whole skirt to go in.
Though I am old, and have little strength,
I beg you to let me go with you.
I will be some use—I can prepare food,
I can cook rice and prepare soldiers' meals".
The night was dead, the sounds of talking ceased.
I seemed to hear sobbing and lamentations.
The next morning I continued on my way,
And said farewell to the old man of the house.
In the evening, I found a lodging place at Shih-hao Village. A recruiting officer came to take men at night. My old host scaled the wall and fled; His old wife went to answer the gate. The officer was raging; The old woman cried bitterly. I listened to what she said:"My three sons went to the camp at Yeh; A letter came from one of the boys, Telling of the death of his two brothers in battle. The dead ones are forever gone. How long can the living one last? There are no more men now in the house- hold Except a suckling grandson. His mother has stayed here because of the son-She hasn't a whole skirt to put on. Though I am an old woman and have not much strength, I will go with you, officer, this very night. Let me answer the urgent call from Ho-yang; I can at least cook meals for our men."Voices of talking ceased late in the night, I seemed to hear only subdue sobbing. At dawn, I resumed my journey; Only the old man waved farewell. Came at dusk into Shih-hao village Draft officer there rounding up people by night Old man climbed over the wall escaped Old woman came out the door staring Officer roared Angry as a bull! Old woman cried Enough to twist your bowels! I heard her she went up and spoke to him: “I had three sons on the border at Yeh The first one sent me a letter My other two sons a while back killed in battle Survivors lucky to be alive at all The dead gone for good There are no more men in this house only my grandson at the breast His mother stayed here to look after him, in and out of the house without a decent skirt on her legs I’m an old woman weak in the back but please! sir let me follow you when you return tonight hurrying to meet the draft at Ho-yang I’ll be in time to cook a morning meal for the soldiers” Night late talk dwindled away I seemed to hear low sobbing At dawn resumed my journey The old man alone when I said goodbye to him. At dusk I found lodging in the village of Stone Moat, Where officials began to round people up in the night. My old host escaped over the $garden$ wall; His elderly wife went to open the door. Angry were the shouts of the officials, Wretched the wails of the old woman. Then I heard her step forward to speak: "Of three sons defending Yecheng, Only one has sent a letter home. The other two both fell in battle. The survivor steals what life he can; The dead have sealed their fates. In this household there are no more males, Except my grandson at his mother's breast. That's why she hasn't left us yet— Besides, she hasn't any decent clothes. Take me with you, Sirs, into the night. Though I'm but a weak old woman, Put me into service at Heyang— I've yet the strength to make the morning meals.'' Though deepening darkness swallowed up their voices, It seemed I heard the sound of distant sobs. At daybreak, as I prepared to journey forth again, Only the old man was left from whom to take my leave. At dusk I sought lodging at Shih-hao village, When a recruiting officer came to seize men at night. An old man scaled the wall and fled, His old wife came out to answer the door. How furious was the officer's shout! How pitiable was the woman's cry! I listened as she stepped forward to speak: "All my three sons have left for garrison duty at Yeh; From one of them a letter just arrived, Saying my two sons had newly died in battle. Survivors can manage to live on, But the dead are gone forever. Now there's no other man in the house, Only a grandchild at his mother's breast. The child's mother has not gone away; She has only a tattered skirt for wear. An old woman, I am feeble and weak, But I will gladly leave with you tonight To answer the urgent call at Ho-yang— I can still cook morning gruel for your men." The night drew on, but talking stopped; It seemed I heard only half-concealed sobs. As I got back on the road at daybreak, Only the old man was there to see me off. At dusk I sought lodging at Shih-hao village, When a recruiting officer came to seize men at night. An old man scaled the wall and fled, His old wife came out to answer the door. How furious was the officer's shout! How pitiable was the woman's cry! I listened as she stepped forward to speak: "All my three sons have left for garrison duty at Yeh; From one of them a letter just arrived, Saying my two sons had newly died in battle. Survivors can manage to live on, But the dead are gone forever. Now there's no other man in the house. Only a grandchild at his mother's breast. The child's mother has not gone away; She has only a tattered skirt for wear. An old woman, I am feeble and weak, But I will gladly leave with you tonight To answer the urgent call at Ho-yang— I can still cook morning gruel for your men." The night drew on, but talking stopped; It seemed I heard only half-concealed sobs. As I got back on the road at daybreak, Only the old man was there to see me off. At dusk I stop at Stone Gully Village; In the middle of the night an officer comes. The press-gang! And the old man goes over the wall, Leaving the old woman to answer the door. How the officer rages and fumes! How the old woman weeps and wails! I hear her pleading: "My three sons-all in the army- One of them sent word-the other two fallen. The living carry on anyhow, The dead are gone forever. Nobody else in the house, no males But my grandson, a babe in arms. The mother, poor widow, is still around, In rags, not fit to be seen, Take me if you must--me, an old woman, Willing to go, though feeble. We might reach camp before dawn, In time to cook the morning meal." In the deep of night, the voices fade; Only bitter sobs are heard. At dawn I'm off, saying farewell To the old man, just the old man. |
| 日譯： |
日暮れに、石壕の村に宿をとった。官吏がやって来て、夜分に人をつかまえている。老夫は家の土坪を越えて逃げ、老婦が門口に出て官吏と応待した。
官吏の大声は、なんと 怒気に満ちていることか。老婦の泣き声 は、なんと辛そうであることか。老婦のすすみ出て$官吏に$申し
上げるのに、わたしは聞き耳をたてた。「三人の息子は、鄴城で守りにつきました。一人が手紙を人に託してよこしましたが、$それによれば$二人がこのたび戦死したとのこと。存命の息子は、いまのところはどうやら生きのびていてくれていますが、死んだ二人の息子は、永遠におしまいです。家の中には、まったく男はおりません。ただ乳離れしていない孫がいるだけです。この孫がいるので、$寡婦になった$母親はまだ家を去らず$里に帰らず$におりますが、おもてに出るにも満足なスカートもない始末です。このばばは体力こそ衰えていますが、おねがいです、お役人さまに従って、夜のうちにも行くところに行く所存です。すぐにも河陽の労役に参ずれば、これでもまだ朝飯を仕度するぐらいはできるつもりです。」
夜もふけて、話し声も途絶えると、ひそかに暇び泣くのが聞こえ
たような気がした。夜明けに旅路につくときに、ただ老翁にだけ別れの挨拶をしたのだった。
暮（く）れに 石壕（せきがう）の村（むら）に投（とう）ず 吏（り）有（あ）り 夜（よる） 人（ひと）を捉（とら）ふ 老翁（らうふ） 牆（かき）を踰（こ）えて走（はし）り 老婦（らうふ） 門（もん）を出（い）でて看（み）る 吏（り）の呼（よ）ぶ 一（いつ）に何（なん）ぞ怒（いか）れる 婦（ふ）の啼（な）く 一（いつ）に何（なん）ぞ苦（くる）しめる 婦（ふ）の前（すす）みて 詞（ことば）を致（いた）すを聴（き）くに 「三男（さんだん） 鄴城（げふじゃう）に戍（まも）る 一男（いちだん） 書（しょ）を附（ふ）して至（いだ）れるに 二男（にだん）は 新（あら）たに戦死（せんし）せりと 存（そん）する者（もの）は 且（しば）らく生（せい）を偷（ぬす）むも 死（し）する者（もの）は 長（とこしへ）に已（や）みぬ 室中（しっちゅう） 更（さら）に人（ひと）無（な）く 惟（た）だ乳下（にゅうか）の孫有（まごあ）るのみ 孫有（まごあ）れば 母（はは）未（いま）だ去（さ）らざるも 出入（しゅっにふ） 完裙（くわんくん）無（な）し 老嫗（らうう） 力（ちから）衰（おとろ）ふと雖（いへど）も 請（こ）ふ 吏（り）に従（したが）びて夜（よる）帰（き）せん 急（きふ）に河陽（かやう）の役（えき）に応（おう）ぜば 猶（な）ほ晨炊（しんすいを）備（そな）ふるを得（え）ん」と 夜久（よるひさ）しくして 語声（ごせい）絶（た）え 泣（な）きて幽咽（いうえっ）するを聞（き）くが如（ごと）し 天明（てんめい） 前途（ぜんと）に登（のぼ）るに 独（ひと）り老翁（らうをう）と別（わか）るるのみ 暮れに 石壕の村に投ず 吏有り 夜 人を捉ふ 老翁 牆を踰えて走り 老婦 門を出でて看る 吏の呼ぶ 一に何ぞ怒れる 婦の啼く 一に何ぞ苦しめる 婦の前みて 詞を致すを聴くに 「三男 鄴城に戍る 一男 書を附して至れるに 二男は 新たに戦死せりと 存する者は 且らく生を偷むも 死する者は 長に已みぬ 室中 更に人無く 惟だ乳下の孫有るのみ 孫有れば 母未だ去らざるも 出入 完裙無し 老嫗 力衰ふと雖も 請ふ 吏に従びて夜帰せん 急に河陽の役に応ぜば 猶ほ晨炊備ふるを得ん」と 夜久しくして 語声絶え 泣きて幽咽するを聞くが如し 天明 前途に登るに 独り老翁と別るるのみ |