| 題名： | 北征 |
| 作者： | 杜甫 |
| 皇帝二載秋，閏八月初吉。杜子將北征，蒼茫問家室。維時遭艱虞，朝野少暇日。顧慙恩私被，詔許歸蓬蓽。拜辭詣闕下，怵惕久未出。雖乏諫諍姿，恐君有遺失。君誠中興主，經緯固密勿。東胡反未已，臣甫憤所切。揮涕戀行在，道途猶恍惚。乾坤含瘡痍，憂虞何時畢。靡靡踰阡陌，人煙眇蕭瑟。所遇多被傷，呻吟更流血。回首鳳翔縣，旌旗晚明滅。前登寒山重，屢得飲馬窟。邠郊入地底，涇水中蕩潏。猛虎立我前，蒼崖吼時裂。菊垂今秋花，石戴古車轍。青雲動高興，幽事亦可悅。山果多瑣細，羅生雜橡栗。或紅如丹砂，或黑如點漆。雨露之所濡，甘苦齊結實。緬思桃源內，益歎身世拙。坡陀望鄜畤，巖谷互出沒。我行已水濱，我僕猶木末。鴟鳥鳴黃桑，野鼠拱亂穴。夜深經戰場，寒月照白骨。潼關百萬師，往者散何卒。遂令半秦民，殘害爲異物。況我墮胡塵，及歸盡華髮。經年至茅屋，妻子衣百結。慟哭松聲回，悲泉共幽咽。平生所嬌兒，顏色白勝雪。見耶背面啼，垢膩脚不韤。牀前兩小女，補綻才過膝。海圖坼波濤，舊繡移曲折。天吳及紫鳳，顛倒在裋褐。老夫情懷惡，嘔泄臥數日。那無囊中帛，救汝寒凜慄。粉黛亦解苞，衾裯稍羅列。瘦妻面復光，癡女頭自櫛。學母無不爲，曉妝隨手抹。移時施朱鉛，狼藉畫眉闊。生還對童穉，似欲忘飢渴。問事競挽鬚，誰能即嗔喝。飜思在賊愁，甘受雜亂聒。新歸且慰意，生理焉能說。至尊尚蒙塵，幾日休練卒。仰觀天色改，坐覺祅氣豁。陰風西北來，慘澹隨回鶻。其王願助順，其俗善馳突。送兵五千人，驅馬一萬匹。此輩少爲貴，四方服勇決。所用皆鷹騰，破敵過箭疾。聖心頗虛佇，時議氣欲奪。伊洛指掌收，西京不足拔。官軍請深入，蓄銳何俱發。此舉開青徐，旋瞻略恆碣。昊天積霜露，正氣有肅殺。禍轉亡胡歲，勢成擒胡月。胡命其能久，皇綱未宜絕。憶昨狼狽初，事與古先別。姦臣竟葅醢，同惡隨蕩析。不聞夏殷衰，中自誅褒妲。周漢獲再興，宣光果明哲。桓桓陳將軍，仗鉞奮忠烈。微爾人盡非，于今國猶活。淒涼大同殿，寂寞白獸闥。都人望翠華，佳氣向金闕。園陵固有神，埽灑數不缺。煌煌太宗業，樹立甚宏達。 | |
| 英譯： |
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Slowly, slowly we tramped country tracks,
With cottage smoke rarely on their winds:
Of those we met, many suffered wounds
Still oozing blood, and they moaned aloud!
I turned my head back to Feng-hsiang's camp,
Flags still flying in the fading light;
Climbing onward in the cold hill's folds,
Found here and there where cavalry once drank;
Till, far below, plains of Pin-chou sank,
Ching's swift torrent tearing them $(in two)$;
And 'Before us the wild tigers stood' ,
Had rent these rocks every time they roared:
Autumn daisies had begun to nod
Among crushed stones waggons once had passed;
To the great sky then my spirit soared,
That secret things still could give me joy!
Mountain berries, tiny, trifling gems
Growing tangled among scattered nuts,
Were some scarlet, sands of cinnabar,
And others black, as if lacquer-splashed:
By rain and dew all of them were washed
And, sweet or sour, equally were fruits;
They brought to mind Peach-tree River's springs,
And more I sighed for a life misspent!
Then I, downhill, spied Fu-chou far off
And rifts and rocks quickly disappeared
As I ran down to a river's edge,
My poor servant coming far behind;
There we heard owls hoot from mulberry leaves,
Saw fieldmice sit upright by their holes;
At deep of night crossed a battlefield,
The chill moonlight shining on white bones:
Guarding the Pass once a million men,
But how many ever left this Pass?
True to orders half the men in Ch'in
Here had perished and were alien ghosts!
I had fallen, too, in Tartar dust
But can return with my hair like flour,
A year but past, to my hair like flour,
A year but past, to my simple home
And my own wife, in a hundred rags;
Who sees me, cries like the wind through trees,
Weeps like the well sobbing underground;
And them my son, pride of all my days,
With his face, too, whiter than the snows,
Sees his father, turns his back to weep --
His sooty feet without socks or shoes;
Next by my couch two small daughters stand
In patched dresses scarcely to their knees
And the sea waves do not even meet
Where old bits of broidery are sewn;
Whilst the Serpent and Purple Bird
On the short skirts both are upside-down!
'Through your father is not yet himself,
Suffers sickness and must rest some days,
How could his scrip not contain some stuff's
To give you all, keep you from the cold?
'You'll find there, too, powder, eyebrow black
Wrapped in the quilts, rather neatly packed,'
My wife's thin face once again is fair,
Then the mad girls try to dress their hair:
Aping mother in her every act,
Morning make-up quickly smears their hands
Till in no time they have spread the rouge,
Fiercely painted great, enormous brows!
I am alive, with my children, home!
Seem to forget all that hunger, thirst:
These quick questions, as they tug my beard,
Who'd have the heard now to stop and scold?
Turning my mind to the Rebel Camp,
It's sweet to have all this nonsense, noise…
It's autumn in the second year of the new emperor's reign. On the first day of the intercalary eighth moon, I am to set off on a journey north, In hopes, though vague, of seeing my family. This is a time of trial and tribulation; Both the court and the people are busy. To be given leave to visit my thatched but Is such an unmerited favour as to make me blush. After doing obeisance to the emperor, I stand long in tremor, loath to depart. For though as minor censor I'm lacking in grace, Yet I'm truly anxious lest I fail in my duty. No doubt the emperor will bring about a resurgence, So diligent is he in administering affairs of state. But the Tartar rebels are still rampant, And I just cannot contain my wrath. In tears I withdraw, from the palace, Not quite sure where I'm heading. Heaven and earth bear the scars of war, Alas! When wil all this end? Slowly I walk along the country paths, Noticing the deserted villages, the desolate fields. Those I meet are mostly wounded, Still bleeding, groaning in pain. Turning my head, looking towards the imperial camp, I see banners faintly visible in the twilight. Climbing up the serried mountains cold, I come across watering holes left by the cavalry. Far below lie the farmlands, now unfarmed, While the river ripples through, as of yore. Suddenly I find myself facing terrible crags, Rent rocks like so many tigers howling. Plants heavy with new bloom-daisies, ay! Stones bearing the tracks of ancient waggons. Clouds on high bring me delight; Nature so serene, it soothes my heart. Berries abound in these mountains, Nuts too, a mixed growth, Some red as cinnabar, Some black with a lacquer-like sheen. Watered by rain and dew, All thrive and bear fruit, sweet or no. My thoughts turn to peace in solitude, And I bemoan my hapless life. From the rugged slopes I espy the county Of cliffs and gorges where my family dwells. Quickening my steps, I reach the riverside While my servant is still above the woods. Owls hooting in the mulberry foliage yellow and sere, Field mice rooting about in the graves; Late in the night I cross a field of battle, Strewn with bones, deathly pale in the chill moonlight. Was it so long ago when thousands upon thousands of troops, Put to rout, were lost in a single day? So that half the population here, alas! Fell victim to the rebel Tartars? I, too, fell into the hands of the rebels; Now I return, grey-haired. After an absence of only a year, I find my wife and children in rags. Their wails, carried on the wind, reverberate through the pines, With the spring waters sobbing in sympathy. My son, beloved of doting parents, Has become paler than snow. On seeing me, he turns his back to weep; Grimy all over, he stands unstockinged, unshod. By the bed are my little daughters, Both of them in patched dresses scarcely covering their knees. The patches, cut from old embroidery, are sewn haphazard, With the sea waves all awry, And the sea monster and the purple phoenix Upside-down on their coarse homely wear. It is so depressing That for several days I lie sick. I have not come empty-handed, There's enough to relieve you from hunger and cold. So decent bedclothes are spread, Cosmetics too, produced from my bag. Gone is the starved look from my poor wife's face, And the silly girls start to dress their hair, Following their mother's example, At toilet they do as they please, Daubing powder and rouge on their cheeks, Painting eyebrows grotesquely broad. Glad to be home alive and with the children, I seem to have forgotten hunger and thirst. Though they pester me with questions and pull my beard, Can I be angry and yell at them? Remembering how I suffered as captive of the rebels. I do not mind all this noise and disturbance. I'm just back, might as well take things easy; Too soon to think of a livelihood. The emperor has not yet returned to the capital; The training of troops is not to stop. But raising my eyes, I see the heavens clearing; The noxious fumes of the Tartars will be swept away. Blows a sombre wind from the north-west, Drearily following the Uighur horsemen. Their khan is willing to lend us aid, Their tribes are all well trained to charge. Five thousand troops have been sent With horses twice that number. It's best not to have too many, For these men are daring and headstrong. Like hawks they pounce upon the foe, Like arrows they pierce the lines of defence. The emperor is not inclined to take hasty action, Though general opinion reflects an urgent temper. The territories around Luoyang will soon be recovered, And our troops will simply march into Chang'an. The army is for an all-out offensive. Going deep into the enemy's rear, Driving them out from the eastern regions, Then turning north to wipe them out in their lair. Look at the frosty sky, It presages a killing cold, Death and destruction for the enemy, Capture of the rebel chiefs. The Tartars shall fade, The established order of our empire shall endure! Looking back on the outbreak of the rebellion, The emperor displayed a resolution unprecedented in history. The treacherous minister was put to the sword, The whole villainous clique shared his fate. Ancient princes have not been known To execute their femmes fatales. Our emperor's wisdom will ensure The restoration of our glory. Honour is due to the general Who raised his axe in the cause of justice; But for you we would have become slaves, Thanks to you our nation has survived. Yet the old capital is desolate, The imperial palaces deserted. The people crave the sight of imperial regalia, An auspicious haze is spreading from the imperial tombs, For the spirits of the past emperors expect The resumption of sacrifices on their altars. The edifice erected by the founding emperors. Shall rise to even greater splendour. |
| 日譯： | 暫無日譯內容 |