| 題名： | 兵車行 |
| 作者： | 杜甫 |
| 車轔轔，馬蕭蕭，行人弓箭各在腰。耶孃妻子走相送，塵埃不見咸陽橋。牽衣頓足闌道哭，哭聲直上干雲霄。道傍過者問行人，行人但云點行頻。或從十五北防河，便至四十西營田。去時里正與裹頭，歸來頭白還戍邊。邊亭流血成海水，武皇開邊意未已。君不聞漢家山東二百州，千村萬落生荆杞。縱有健婦把鋤犂，禾生隴畝無東西。況復秦兵耐苦戰，被驅不異犬與雞。長者雖有問，役夫敢申恨。且如今年冬，未休關西卒。縣官急索租，租稅從何出？信知生男惡，反是生女好。生女猶是嫁比鄰，生男埋沒隨百草。君不見青海頭，古來白骨無人收。新鬼煩冤舊鬼哭，天陰雨濕聲啾啾。 | |
| 英譯： |
Chariots are rumbling, horses are neighing;
Bows and arrows on waists,
The newly recruited soldiers are on the marching.
Fathers, mothers, wives and children have all turned
Out to see their dear ones off by the road;
The Xianyang Bridge is submerged in dust rolling.
Pulling sleeves and stamping feet,
They've blocked the road, weeping and crying;
Voice has risen high up into clouds weeping.
The passer-by asks a marcher:
"What's all this about?"
The marcher simply says:
"Conscriptions are busily on going."
He was conscripted at the age of fifteen
To defend the river in the north
And is now still engaged in reclamation
At Western Barracks at the age of forty.
He was a head-wrapped youth when he was conscripted,
And has now returned white-haired
Still on garrison at the frontier,
Where blood is flowing like sea water;
But Emperor Han Wu
Still set his mind on opening up frontiers.
"Haven't you heard, Sir:
In the two hundred prefectures of the Han Dynasty
East of the Hua Mountain
Thousands of villages were overgrown with brambles
On the plain.
Although there remained healthy women
Working with ploughs and hoes,
Crops were growing in the fields
Without regular ridges and furrows.
Qin's soldiers, who were used to tough battles,
Were driven like dogs and cocks to fight, also.
Now that you ask me to say something;
To express my hatred how dare I say anything?
In the winter this year,
Soldiers west of the Hangu Pass haven't
Stopped fighting.
County magistrates are tax-payment urging:
From where is the money for tax-payment coming?
If we had knowm
It brought no good giving birth to boys,
We'd prefer giving birth to girls rather than boys.
A daughter can be married to a neighbour family;
He'll be buried beneath grasses, giving birth to a boy.
Don't you see, Sir:
At the farthest end of the Qinghai Bay.
No people have collected the white bones
Ever since the ancient days.
New ghosts are complaining against wrongs and grievances;
Old ghosts are weeping.
On overcast and rainy days
You hear sobbing and whimpering.
CHARIOTS are on the march; Horses are neighing. Men with bows and arrows strung to their hips Are setting out; Parents and wives are seeing them off, The dust is so thick, it hides the Hsien-yang Bridge. They clutch at the soldiers' clothes; all stamp their feet And cry on the road, the wailing reaching Straight into the clouds. Passers-by inquire of the men departing, Who say that it is only a roll-call Before they really see service. At fifteen the men are sent to guard the River in the North; At forty, they go west to plant the fields. When they leave, the village chief assigns them their turbans; When they come back with gray hair on their heads, They still have to guard the border. There, blood flows like the surging of the sea, But the Emperor's plans for expansion are endless. Have you not heard that in two hundred prefectures East of the Hills Thousands of villages are covered with weeds? Even if strong women can wield ploughs and shovels, Crops in the fields are planted haphazard. The men of Ch'in too must stand hard fighting And are driven like dogs and chickens. A superior may ask certain questions, But how can mere privates voice their complaints? by winter, If the men at Kuan-hsi are not demobilized Peremptorily demanded by the magistrates? How are the taxes to be paid, If it is known that the birth of sons Is truly evil, it is better to have girls; Girls can be married to their neighbours, But boys are buried under the turf! Have you not seen that on Lake Kokonor White bones lie uncollected since olden times? New ghosts grieve and old ghosts are crying, With groans that are heard on sombre rainy days. Chariots rumble and roll; horses whinney and neigh; Men are marching with bows and arrows at their hips. Their parents and wives hurry to bid farewell, Raising clouds of dust over Hsien-yang Bridge. They pull on the soldiers' clothes, stamp their feet and cry out. The sound of their crying is heard in the clouds. Some passers-by speak to the soldiers, They shake their heads dumbly and say: "Since the age of fifteen we have defended the northern rivers. Till we are forty we shall serve on the western front. We leave our homes as youths and return as grey-haired men. Along the frontier there flows the sea of our blood. The King hungers for territory—therefore we fight." "Have you not heard, sir, How through the two hundred countries east of the Tai-yeng mountains Through thousands of villages and tens of thousands of hamlets Thorns and nettles run wild. Sturdy peasant women swing the hoe and drive the plough, But neither in the east nor west is anything raised or sown. The soldiers of Ch'ang will fight to the end, But they cannot be slain like dogs or like hens”. "O sir, it is kind of you to ask me, But how dare we express our resentment? Winter has come and the year is passing away; The war on the western passes is still going on. The magistrates are pressing us to pay our taxes, But where shall we get the money? If only I had known the fate in store for boys, I would have had my children all girls, For girls may be married to the neighbours But boys are born only to be cut down and buried beneath the grass”. "Do you not see, sir, The long dead ancient bones near the Blue Seat bleached by the Sun? And now the lament of those who have just died Mingles with the voices of those who died long ago, And darkness falls, and the rain, and the ghostly whimpering of voices”. The war-chariots rattle, The war-horses whinny. Each man of you has a bow and a quiver at his belt. Father, mother, son, wife, stare at you going, Till dust shall have buried the bridge beyond Ch’ang-an. They run with you, crying, the tug at your sleeves, And the sound of their sorrow goes up to the clouds; And every time a bystander asks you a question, You can only say to him that you have to go. … We remember others at fifteen sent north to guard the river And at forty sent west to cultivate the camp-farms. They mayor would their turbans for them when they started out. With their turbaned hair white now, they are still at the border, At the border where the blood of men spills like the sea– And still the heart of Emperor Wu is beating for war. … Do you know that, east of China’s mountains, in two hundred districts And in thousands of villages, nothing grows but weeds, And though strong women have bent to the ploughing, East and west the furrows all are broken down? …Men of China are able to face the stiffest battle, But their officers drive them like chickens and dogs. Whatever is asked of them, Dare they complain? For example, this winter Held west of the gate, Challenged for taxes, How could they pay? … We have learned that to have a son is bad luck– It is very much better to have a daughter Who can marry and live in the house of a neighbor, While under the sod we bury our boys, … Go to the Blue Sea, look along the shore At all the old white bones forsaken– New ghosts are wailing there now with the old, Loudest in the dark sky of a stormy day. Chariots rumble, horses neigh, As they who must depart strap on their $weapons$ 00. Mothers, wives, and children hurry to say farewell; In the dust, Xianyang Bridge cannot be seen. Clutching at clothes, stamping feet, Weeping and moaning, they block the conscripts' way. Their wailing fills the sky, and shakes the very clouds. Passing by ask them where they're bound; They can speak only of continual corvees: "One fellow at fifteen was sent north of the $Yellow$ River, And then at forty west to reclaim land When he first left home, the headman had to wrap his turban; Returning with locks of gray, he's off again, to the frontier. Although the border has become a sea of blood, The imperial desire for expansion never slackens. 000 Of two hundred prefectures east of Mt. Hua, Thousands of villages grow only thorns and brambles. Even if there are sturdy women to till the land, Crops are planted in the fields to no avail. Besides, we Qin make soldiers who are fierce in battle: We are driven forth like dogs, like chickens. Although, my reverend sir, you show concern for us, How dare a conscript complain? Just take this winter, for example: While soldiers ceaselessly were sent out west, Local officials still pressed us for the taxes— How were we to find the wherewithal?" Now I've come to know that having sons is bad, And having daughters has become a blessing: While daughters leave home only to wed neighbours, Sons depart for distant, weed strewn graves. Haven't you seen, by Lake Qinghai, 00 White bones that no one's gathered? New spirits join the old in lamentation: On dark days, in the wet rain, Their piercing wails resound. The din of waggons! Whinnying horses! Each marcher at his waist has bow and quiver; Old people, children, wives, running alongside, Who cannot see, for dust, bridge over river: They clutch clothes, stamp their feet, bar the way weeping, Weeping their voices rise to darkening Heaven; $(And)$ when the passers-by question the marchers, The marchers but reply, 0 0 0 0 'The blood that's flowed out there would make a sea, Sir! Our Lord, his lust for land knows no degree, Sir! But have you not heard Of House of Han, its East two hundred regions Where villages and farms are growing brambles? 'That though a sturdy wife may take the plough, Sir, You can't see where the fields begin and end,Sir? That Highlanders fare worst, they're hardy fighters And so they're driven first, like dogs and chickens? 'Although you, Sir, ask such kind questions, Dare the conscripts tell their wretchedness? How, for instance, only last winter The Highland troops were still in the line When their Prefect sent urgent demands, Demands for tax, I ask you, from where? So now we know, no good having sons, Always better to have a daughter: For daughters will be wed to our good neighbours When sons are lying dead on Steppes unburied! 'But have you not seen On the Black Lake's shore The white bones there of old no one has gathered, Where new ghosts cry aloud, old ghosts are bitter, Rain drenching from dark clouds their ghostly chatter?' CHARIOTS rumble, horses neigh, Infantry march with bows and arrows at their waists, Fathers and mothers, wives and children run out to say farewell, Till dust hides the Hsien-yang bridge. We clutch at their clothes and run with them and get in the way crying; The sound of our weeping mounts up to the clouds. The passers-by ask them where they are going. All they can answer is they are conscripts and it is urgent. Boys who at the age of fifteen were sent north to guard the river, When they reach forty are still in the Army of Occupation. When they went away the local headman bound their heads, When they come home their hair is white, Yet they have still to guard the frontiers, Those frontier forts where enough blood flows to make an ocean, And still the Emperor Ming Huang continues to extend his frontier. Have you not heard that among the families of Han, East of the hills Two hundred cities, a thousand villages, and ten thousand hamlets Are going back to thorns and wild willows? Although there be strong women to hold the hoe and the plough, The grain grows wildly obscuring the boundary paths; How much more must the Ch‘in soldiers face in the bitterness of battle? They are driven forth as if they were dogs and fowls; Although people of position may question them, how do soldiers dare admit a grievance? Moreover, although it is already winter there is no end to campaigning on the west of the frontier passes, Yet District Magistrates urgently demand taxes. Where can the taxes come from? It has come to this, that to give birth to sons is ruinous, And it is actually better to produce girls. Girls can always be married to neighbours; Sons are only fit to perish like the prairie grass. Ah! see you not at the head of the Kokonor How the white bones of the long dead lie unburied? New ghosts complain bitterly, old ghosts moan, The heavens are darkened, the rain falls As the ghosts from the past whisper to those that have but lately died. Chariots rumbling, War-horses neighing, Conscripted men, each with bow and quiver at the waist, are being marched off, Parents, wives and children rushing out to see them depart, Raising clouds of dust that shroud the Xianyang Bridge, Clutching the men's clothes, stamping, barring the way, wailing, Wailing fit to rend the skies. In answer to a passer-by, One of the men says: "No end to levies, ay! At fifteen, garrison duty on the Huanghe, At forty, reclamation of the western wilds. Went away a mere boy-the village chief dressed my hair and bound my head, Came back white-haired---still have to go to the frontier, The frontier---already a sea of blood, Yet the emperor's territorial greed is insatiable. Have you not heard that in the two hundred prefectures east of Huashan, Thousands of villages are overgrown with brambles? What though the women are sturdy enough to till the soil? The crops are planted every which way. What's more, men around here make hardy warriors, So they are driven to the front like: dogs and chickens. Very kind of you, Sir, to ask about our situation, But who am I to complain? Take this winter for instance, The men are still out west, Whence the grain to pay the government? What's the use of exerting pressure? Now verily, it's no good having sons; Better have daughters instead. Daughters may be married to neighbours; Sons are destined to rot under the sod. Do you not see on the shores of Kokonor, Bleached bones from ancient times lie scattered? Out there, new ghosts whine and old ghosts weep Moaning and groaning on gloomy rainy days!" The war-chariots rattle, The war-horses whinny. Each man of you has a bow and a quiver at his belt. Father, mother, son, wife, stare at you going, Till dust shall have buried the bridge beyond Ch'ang-an. They run with you, crying, they tug at your sleeves, And the sound of their sorrow goes up to the clouds; And every time a bystander asks you a question, You can only say to him that you have to go. ... We remember others at fifteen sent north to guard the river And at forty sent west to cultivate the camp-farms. The mayor wound their turbans for them when they started out. With their turbaned hair white now, they are still at the border, At the border where the blood of men spills like the sea— And still the heart of Emperor Wu is beating for war. ... Do you know that, east of China's mountains, in two hun-dred districts And in thousands of villages, nothing grows but weeds, And though strong women have bent to the ploughing, East and west the furrows all are broken down? ... Men of China are able to face the stiffest battle, But their officers drive them like chickens and dogs. Whatever is asked of them, Dare they complain? For example, this winter Held west of the gate, Challenged for taxes, How could they pay? ... We have learned that to have a son is bad luck— It is very much better to have a daughter Who can marry and live in the house of a neighbour, While under the sod we bury our boys. ... Go to the Blue Sea, look along the shore At all the old white bones forsaken— New ghosts are wailing there now with the old, Loudest in the dark sky of a stormy day. The war-chariots rattle, The war-horses whinny. Each man of you has a bow and a quiver at his belt. Father, mother, son, wife, stare at you going, Till dust shall have buried the bridge beyond Ch'ang-an. They run with you, crying, they tug at your sleeves, And the sound of their sorrow goes up to the clouds; And every time a bystander asks you a question, You can only say to him that you have to go. ... We remember others at fifteen sent north to guard the river And at forty sent west to cultivate the camp-farms. The mayor wound their turbans for them when they started out. With their turbaned hair white now, they are still at the border, At the border where the blood of men spills like the sea— And still the heart of Emperor Wu is beating for war. ... Do you know that, east of China's mountains, in two hun-dred districts And in thousands of villages, nothing grows but weeds, And though strong women have bent to the ploughing, East and west the furrows all are broken down? ... Men of China are able to face the stiffest battle, But their officers drive them like chickens and dogs. Whatever is asked of them, Dare they complain? For example, this winter Held west of the gate, Challenged for taxes, How could they pay? ... We have learned that to have a son is bad luck— It is very much better to have a daughter Who can marry and live in the house of a neighbour, While under the sod we bury our boys. ... Go to the Blue Sea, look along the shore At all the old white bones forsaken— New ghosts are wailing there now with the old, Loudest in the dark sky of a stormy day. CHARIOTS rumble, horses neigh, Infantry march with bows and arrows at their waists, Fathers and mothers, wives and children run out to say farewell, Till dust hides the Hsien Yang bridge. We clutch at their clothes and run with them and get in the way crying; The sound of our weeping mounts up to the clouds. The passers-by ask them where they are going. All they can answer is they are conscripts and it is urgent. Boys who at the age of fifteen were sent north to guard the river, When they reach forty are still in the Army of Occupation. When they went away the local headman bound their heads, When they come home their hair is white, Yet they have still to guard the frontiers, Those frontier forts where enough blood flows to make an ocean, And still the Emperor Ming Wang continues to extend his frontier. Have you not heard that among the families of Han in the Eastern Hills Two hundred cities, a thousand villages, and ten thousand hamlets Are going back to thorns and wild willows? Although there be strong women to hold the hoe and the plough, The grain grows wildly obscuring the boundary paths; How much more must the Ch‘in soldiers face in the bitterness of battle? They are driven forth as if they were their own dogs and fowls; Although people of position may question them, how do soldiers dare admit a grievance? Moreover, although it is already winter there is no end to campaigning on the west of the frontier passes, Yet District Magistrates urgently demand taxes. Where can the taxes come from? It has come to this, that to give birth to sons is ruinous, And it is actually better to produce girls. Girls can always be married to neighbours; Sons are only fit to perish like the prairie grass. Ah! see you not at the head of the Kokonor How the white bones of the long dead lie unburied? New ghosts complain bitterly, old ghosts moan, The heavens are darkened, the rain falls As the ghosts from the past whisper to those that have but lately died. |
| 日譯： |
車はがらがらと音をたてて通り、馬はひひーんと悲しげに鳴き声をあげてゆく。
出征してゆく兵士たちは、弓と矢とを、それぞれ腰につけている。父母や妻子は、走りながら見送り、土ぽこりが立ちこめて、咸陽橋も見えない。見送る人々は兵士たちの衣服を引っぱり、足を踏み鳴らして嘆き、道をさえぎって泣きさけぶ。その泣き声は、まっすぐに立ちのぼって、大空を突き刺さんばかりだ。
道ばたを通りかかった者が、出征兵士に問いかけると、兵士はただ答えていう、「微兵がしきりなのです」と。ある者は十五歳から、北方の黄河地方の防備に召集され、その四十歳になるまでも、西方の辺境にも屯田兵となっている身の上であった。初めに出征した時には、村長が兵士のために 成人を祝って頭を包んでくれたのであったが、帰って来ると、その頭はもう白くなっているのに、またもや国境地帯の守備に行かねばならぬ。
国境地帯では、戦場に旅された血が、海の水のようになっているというのに、漢の武帝にもたとえられる玄宗皇帝の国境を拡張しようとする御意志は、まだやもうとはしない。諸君もごぞんじでしょう。漢にたとえられるこの唐の国家の、東の半分の約二百州においては、千や万を数える多くの村々のすべてに、
畑に雑木・雑草の類が生い茂ってしまっているということを。たとい、すきくわを手にとるけなげな選女がいたとしても、田畑の作物は、手入れが行き届かないままに列をすらなさないありさま。その上に、まして秦出身の兵士は、苦しい戦いにも耐える、強兵であるというので、なおさらのことに、追い立てられて酷使されることはまるで、犬やにわとりと変わるところがない。
「あなたさまのおたずねであっても、兵士であるわたしは、どうして恨みの心を十分にはらすことができましょう。そればかりではなく、今年の冬などは、まだ、この関西地方からの徴兵が中止もされないのに、おかみの役人は、あわただしく租税を取り立てようとする。いったい、租税の穀物など、どのようにして出せましょうか。ほんとうによくわかりました。男の子を生むのは悪く、かえって女の子を生むことこそよいということが。女を生めば、まだ、隣近所に嫁にやることもできるが、男を生んだら、地中に埋められて、多くの雑草とともどもに朽ち果てるだけなのです」と。
諸君よ、まあごらんなさい、戦場地帯のココノール湖のあたりでは、昔から白骨を拾い収める人もなく、戦死したばかりの亡霊は、もだえ恨み、古い亡霊は、泣きさけび、空がくもり、雨にしめる時、亡霊の恨み泣く声が、悲しく聞こえてくるのを。
車轔轔（くるりんりん）、馬蕭蕭（うましょうしょう） 行人（こうじん）の弓箭（きゅうせん） 各々（おのおの） 腰（こし）に在（あ）り 耶嬢妻子（やじようさいし）走（はし）りて相（あい）送（おく）り 塵埃（じんあい）にて見（み）えず 咸陽橋（かんようきょう） 衣（ころも）を牽（ひ）き 足（あし）を頓（とん）し 道（みち）を攔（さえぎ）りて哭（こく）し 哭声（こくせい） 直上（ちょくじょう）して 雲霄（うんしょう）を干（おか）す 道旁（どうぼう）の過（す）ぐる者（もの） 行人（こうじん）に問（と）えば 行人（こうじん）但（た）だ云（い）う 点行（えんこう）頻（しき）りなりと 或（ある）いは十五（じゅうご）より 北（きた）のかた河（か）を防（ふせ）ぎ 便（すなわ）ち四十（よんじゅう）に至（いた）るも 西（なし）のかた田（でん）を営（いとな）む 去（ゆ）る時（とき） 里正（りせい）与（ため）に頭（こうべ）を裹（つつ）み 帰（かえ）り来（きた）れば 頭（こうべ）白（しろ）くして還（ま）た辺（へん）を戍（まも）る 辺庭（へんてい）の流血（りゅうけつ） 海水（かいすい）を成（な）るも 武皇辺（ぶこうへん）を開（ひら）く 意（い）未（いま）だ已（や）まず 君（きみ）聞（き）かずや 漢家（かんか）山東（さんとう）の二百州（にひゃくしゅう） 千村万落（せんそんばんらく） 荊杞（けいき）を生（しょう）ずるを 縦（たと）い健婦（けんぶ）の鋤犁（じょり）を把（と）る有（あ）るも 禾（か）は隴畝（ろうほ）に生（しょう）じて東西（とうざい）無（な）し 況（いわ）んや復（ま）た 秦兵（しんべい）は苦戦（くせん）に耐（た）うるをや 駆（か）らるること犬（いぬ）と鶏（にわとり）とに異（こと）ならず 長者（ちょうじゃ） 問（と）う有（あ）りと雖（いえども）も、役夫（えきふ） 敢（あ）えて恨（うら）みを申（の）べんや 且（か）つ今年（こんねん）の冬（ふゆ）のごときは、未（いま）だ関西（かんせい）の卒（そつ）を休（や）めざるに 県官（けんかん） 急（きゅう）に租（そ）を索（もと）む、租税（そぜい） 何（なに）によりて出（い）ださん 信（まこと）に知（し）る 男（おとこ）を生（う）むは悪（あ）しく、反（かえ）って是（こ）れ 女（おんな）を生（う）むは好（よ）きを 女（おんな）を生（う）まば 猶（な）お比鄰（ひりん）に嫁（か）するを得（え）るも 男（おとこ）を生（う）まば 埋没（まいぼつ）して百草（ひゃくそう）に随（したが）わん 君（きみ）見（み）ずや 青海（せいかい）の頭（ほとり） 古来（こらい） 白骨（はくこつ） 人（ひと）の収（おさ）むる無（な）きを 新鬼（しんき）は煩冤（はんえん）し 旧鬼（きゅうき）は哭（こく）す 天陰（てんくも）り雨湿（あめうるお）うとき 声啾啾（こえしゅうしゅう）たるを 車轔轔、馬蕭蕭 行人の弓箭 各々 腰に在り 耶嬢妻子走りて相送り 塵埃にて見えず 咸陽橋 衣を牽き 足を頓し 道を欄りて哭し 哭声 直上して 雲霄を干す 道旁の過ぐる者 行人に問えば 行人但だ云う 点行頻りなりと 或いは十五より 北のかた河を防ぎ 便ち四十に至るも 西のかた田を営む 去る時 里正与に頭を裹み 帰り来れば 頭白くして還た辺を戍る 辺庭の流血 海水を成るも 武皇辺を開く 意未だ已まず 君聞かずや 漢家山東の二百州 千村万落 荊杞を生ずるを 縦い健婦の鋤犁を把る有るも 禾は隴畝に生じて東西無し 況んや復た 秦兵は苦戦に耐うるをや 駆らるること犬と鶏とに異ならず 長者 問う有りと雖も、役夫 敢えて恨みを申べんや 且つ今年の冬のごときは、未だ関西の卒を休めざるに 県官 急に租を索む、租税 何によりて出ださん 信に知る 男を生むは悪しく、反って是れ 女を生むは好きを 女を生まば 猶お比鄰に嫁するを得るも 男を生まば 埋没して百草に随わん 君見ずや 青海の頭 古来 白骨 人の収むる無きを 新鬼は煩冤し 旧鬼は哭す 天陰り雨湿うとき 声啾啾たるを 事とどろき馬いななき 行く人は皆腰に弓矢を佩びている 父母や女房が走って見送り 舞い上がる塵埃に咸陽の橋も見えぬ 衣にすがり足ずりして 道をさえぎって働哭し その声は空にもとどくばかりだ 道ばたを通りすがる者が 彼ら出征の兵士に問えば 彼らはただいう 召集がしきりなのです ある者は十五の時から北方黄河の防備にやられ 四十になってもなお西方の屯田兵 始め出かけてゆくときは 村長が元服をさせてくれたが 帰ってくれば白髪になってまた辺境の守りに出される 国境のあたり 流れる血しおは海となっても みかどは国土を拡げるみこころをいまもって已められぬ お聞きでしょう 今わが中原の二百州 どこも荒れていばらが生え たとえけなげな嫁がすきくわとっても いねは畑にまばらに生えて 西も東もない乱雑さ ましてや秦地(陝西)の兵士は勇敢で よく苦戦に堪えるとされて まるで犬や鶏のように あちらこちらと追い立てられる あなたが折角たずねて下さっても 出て征く者にどうして恨みが申せましょう そればかりか今年の冬などは まだ関西地方の微兵をやめず 役人がしきりに租税を催促しても 租税はいったいどこから出せましょう いまこそ分かった男の子を生むのは悪く いっそ女を生むのがいいことを 女の子ならまだしも近所に嫁にやれる 男の子は戦場の草葉の蔭にうもれるだけです ごらんなさい 青海のほとりには 古来戦死者の白骨がとり収める人もなく 新しい亡者や古い亡者が あるいは恨みあるいは哭き 空かきくもって雨のしとしと降る日には その声がしくしく聞こえてくるのを 車轔轔（りんりん） 馬蕭蕭（しょうしょう） 行人（こうじん）の弓箭（きゅうせん） 各（おのおの）腰に在り 耶嬢（やじょう）妻子 走って相（あい）送る 塵埃（じんあい）にて見えず 咸陽橋（かんようきょう） 衣を牽（ひ）き 足を頓（とん）し 道を欄（さえぎ）りて哭す 哭声直（ただ）ちに上（のぼ）って雲霄（うんしょう）を干（おか）す 道旁（どうぼう）を過（す）ぐる者 行人に問えば 行人は但（ただ）云う 点行（てんこう）頻（しき）りなり 或いは十五従（よ）り 北 河を防ぎ 便（すなわ）ち四十に至って 西 田（でん）を営む 去る時は里正 与（ため）に頭を裹（つつ）み 帰り来って頭白（とうしろ）くして 還（また）辺（へん）を戍（まも）る 辺庭の流血 海水と成すも 武皇 辺を開く 意未（いま）だ已（や）まず 君聞かずや 漢家山東の二百州 千村万落 荊杞（けいき）を生ずるを 縦（たと）い健婦の鋤犁（じょり）を把（と）る有るも 禾（か）は隴畝（ろうほ）に生じて東西無し 況（いわ）んや復（また）秦兵苦戦に耐うるをや 駆（か）らるること犬と鶏とに異ならず 長者（ちょうじゃ） 問う有りと雖も 役夫（えきふ） 敢（あ）えて恨（うら）みを申（の）べんや 且（か）つ今年の冬の如きは 未だ関西（かんせい）の卒（そつ）を休めず 県官 急に租（そ）を索（もと）むるも 租税は何（いず）く従（よ）り出（い）でん 信（まこと）に知る 男を生むは悪（あ）しく 反（かえ）って是（こ）れ女を生むに好（よ）きを 女を生めば猶（なお）比鄰（ひりん）に嫁するを得（え）ん 男を生めば埋没して百草に随う 君見ずや 青海（せいかい）の頭（ほとり） 古来 白骨 人の収むる無く 新鬼は煩冤（はんえん）し旧鬼は哭し 天陰り雨湿（しめ）るとき声啾啾（こえしゅうしゅう） 車轔轔 馬蕭蕭 行人の弓箭 各腰に在り 耶嬢妻子 走って相送る 塵埃にて見えず 咸陽橋 衣を牽き 足を頓し 道を欄りて哭す 哭声直ちに上って雲霄を干す 道旁を過ぐる者 行人に問えば 行人は但云う 点行頻りなり 或いは十五従り 北 河を防ぎ 便ち四十に至って 西 田を営む 去る時は里正 与に頭を裹み 帰り来って頭白くして 還辺を戍る 辺庭の流血 海水と成すも 武皇 辺を開く 意未だ已まず 君聞かずや 漢家山東の二百州 千村万落 荊杞を生ずるを 縦い健婦の鋤犁を把る有るも 禾は隴畝に生じて東西無し 況んや復秦兵苦戦に耐うるをや 駆らるること犬と鶏とに異ならず 長者 問う有りと雖も 役夫 敢えて恨みを申べんや 且つ今年の冬の如きは 未だ関西の卒を休めず 県官 急に租を索むるも 租税は何く従り出でん 信に知る 男を生むは悪しく 反って是れ女を生むに好きを 女を生めば猶比鄰に嫁するを得ん 男を生めば埋没して百草に随う 君見ずや 青海の頭 古来 白骨 人の収むる無く 新鬼は煩冤し旧鬼は哭し 天陰り雨湿るとき声啾啾 戦車の車輪は激しくきしみ、軍馬は悲しげにいななく。行軍する兵士たちの弓矢はそれぞれの腰についている。両親や妻たちが走ってそれを見送る。$兵士たちの行進や見送りの騒ぎのため$一面に砂ぼこりが立ちこめて、むこうの咸陽の大橋も見えない。家族たちは(兵士を死地へ行かせまいと)兵士の着物を引っぱり、地団駄を踏み、道をさえぎって大声で泣く。泣き声はまっすぐにのぼって天空を突き刺す。 道ばたを通りかかった人が$いったいなぜこんなに騒ぐのかと$兵士に尋ねると、兵士は答えて言ったーーーこのところ召集がしきりにかかるのです。或る人は十五の若さで北の黄河の守りにやられ、 そのまま$軍隊生活を続けて$四十になると、こんどは西へ送られて屯田兵になったとのこと。出征の時は村長が年端のゆかぬ彼のために頭をつつんでくれたのでしたが、帰還した時はもう頭髪はまっ白、その身体でなおも国境の守りに駆り出されたのです。国境地区に流された血潮は海の水ほどにもなったというのに、皇帝陛下は辺境開拓を続けられ、その御意向はいっこうにやみそうもありません。あなたは聞き及んでおいででしょう、漢王朝の穀倉である山東の二百州、その多くの農村は荒れ果てて雑草が伸び放第、たとい$留守を守る$けなげな女房たちが すぎやくかを取って畑仕事に励んでも$力は及ばず$、穀物はふねやあぜにてんでに生えて、畑の手入れがゆきとどく筈もありません。$国庫を担う農村地帯でさえ徵兵はそれほど苛酷なのですから$ましてわれわれ秦兵どもが古来強壮で苦戦に耐えるとされるからには、その容赦なくこき使われることといったら、大やのような家畜も同然なのでございます。 あなた様は私にお尋ねですが、私は一介の兵卒、恨みごとを申すようなことはいたしますまい。$とは言え$さしあたり今年の冬にしても(こんな具合で$、われわれ秦兵をらっとも休ませて下さらない。$このように農作業ができない状態では$県のお役人がきびしく租税を取り立てても、その租税はいったいどこから出るというのでしょう。いや全く身にしみて わかりました、「男の子を生むのは悪く、かえって女の子を生むのが良い」という言葉は正しうございます。女の子を生めば、まだしも隣近所に嫁がせて時々会うことができるでしょう。しかし男の子を生んだら最後、戦場に屍を埋めて雑草の肥やしとなるのが関の山なのです。 御覧なさい、かの歴戦の地、青海のほとりを。古来の戦死者たちの白骨は、拾ってくれる人もないまま、死んだばかりの兵士のたましいは悶え嘆き、死んで久しい兵士のたましいは泣き叫び、空がどんよりと義ってなが雨が降りつづくような日には、亡者たちの悲しみにむせぶ声が、駄駄と聞こえて来るというではありませんか$我々が行こうとしているのもまさしくそういう場所、されば見送りの家族たらがこんなにまで奥き悲しむのも、まことにもっともなことなのでございます$。 車轔轔（くるまりんりん） 馬蕭蕭（うませうせう） 行人（かうじん）の弓箭（きゅうせん） 各々（おのおの） 腰（こし）に在（あ）り 耶嬢（やぢゃう） 妻子（さいし） 走（はし）りて相（あ）ひ送（おく）る 塵埃（ぢんあい） 見（み）ず 咸陽橋（かんやうけう） 衣（ころも）を牽（ひ）き 足（あし）を頓（とん）し 道（みち）を闌（さへぎ）りて哭（こく）す 哭声（こくせい） 直（ただ）ちに上（のぼ）りて雲霄（うんせう）を干（をか）す 道傍（だうぼう）の過（す）ぐる者（もの） 行人（かうじん）に問（と）へば 行人（かうじん）但（た）だ云（い）ふ 点行（えんかう）頻（しき）りなりと 或（ある）ひは十五（じふご）より北（きた） 河（か）を防（ふせ）ぎ 便（すなは）ち四十（しじふ）に至（いた）りて西（にし） 田（でん）を営（いとな）む 去（ゆ）く時（とき） 里正（りせい） 与（ため）に頭（かうべ）を裹（つつ）み 帰（かへ）り来（き）たれば頭（かうべ）白（しろ）くして還（ま）た辺（へん）を戍（まも）る 辺庭（へんてい）の流血（りうけつ） 海水（かいすい）を成（な）すも 武皇（ぶくわう） 辺（へん）を開（ひら）き 意（い） 未（いま）だ已（や）まず 君（きみ）聞（き）かずや 漢家（かんか）山東（さんとう）の二百州（にひゃくしゅう） 千村万落（せんそんばんらく） 荊杞（けいき）を生（しゃう）ずるを 縦（たと）い健婦（けんぶ）の鋤犁（じょり）を把（と）る有（あ）るも 禾（くわ）は隴畝（ろうほ）に生（しゃう）じて 東西（とうざい）無（な）し 況（いは）んや復（ま）た 秦兵（しんべい） 苦戦（くせん）に耐（た）ふるをや 駆（か）らるること 犬（いぬ）と雞（にわとり）とに異（こと）ならず 長者（ちゃうじゃ） 問（と）う有（あ）りと雖（いへど）も 役夫（えきふ） 敢（あ）えて恨（うら）みを伸（の）べんや 且（か）つ今年（こんねん）の冬（ふゆ）の如（ごと）き 未（いま）だ関西（くわんせい）の卒（そつ）を休（やす）めず 県官（けんくわん） 急（きゅう）に租（そ）を索（もと）むるも 租税（そぜい） 何（いづ）く従（よ）りて出（い）でん 信（まこと）に知（し）る 男（だん）を生（う）むは悪（あ）しく 反（かへ）って是（こ）れ 女（ぢょ）を生（う）むの好（よ）きを 女（ぢょ）を生（う）めば 猶（な）ほ比鄰（ひりん）に嫁（か）するを得（う） 男（だん）を生（う）めば 埋没（まいぼつ）して百草（ひゃくそう）に随（したが）ふ 君（きみ）見（み）ずや 青海（せいかい）の頭（ほとり） 古来（こらい） 白骨（はくこつ） 人（ひと）の収（をさ）むる無（な）し 新鬼（しんき）は煩冤（はんえん）し 旧鬼（きうき）は哭（こく）し 天陰（てんいん）雨湿（うしつ） 声啾啾（こえしうしう）たり 車轔轔 馬蕭蕭 行人の弓箭 各々 腰に在り 耶嬢 妻子 走りて相ひ送る 塵埃 見ず 咸陽橋 衣を牽き 足を頓し 道を闌りて哭す 哭声 直ちに上りて雲霄を干す 道傍の過ぐる者 行人に問へば 行人但だ云ふ 点行頻りなりと 或ひは十五より北 河を防ぎ 便ち四十に至りて西 田を営む 去く時 里正 与に頭を裹み 帰り来たれば頭白くして還た辺を戍る 辺庭の流血 海水を成すも 武皇 辺を開き 意 未だ已まず 君聞かずや 漢家山東の二百州 千村万落 荊杞を生ずるを 縦い健婦の鋤犁を把る有るも 禾は隴畝に生じて 東西無し 況んや復た 秦兵 苦戦に耐ふるをや 駆らるること 犬と雞とに異ならず 長者 問う有りと雖も 役夫 敢えて恨みを伸べんや 且つ今年の冬の如き 未だ関西の卒を休めず 県官 急に租を索むるも 租税 何く従りて出でん 信に知る 男を生むは悪しく 反って是れ 女を生むの好きを 女を生めば 猶ほ比鄰に嫁するを得 男を生めば 埋没して百草に随ふ 君見ずや 青海の頭 古来 白骨 人の収むる無し 新鬼は煩冤し 旧鬼は哭し 天陰雨湿 声啾啾たり |